Reciprocating pump



March 26, 1935. K, E. 1.. GUINNESS RECIPROCATING PUMP Filed De o 7, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 x Nk w kw Mk 7% g may March-Z6, 1935.

K. E. GUINNESS 1,995,424

RECIPROCATING PUMP Filed Dec. 7, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIof(do10310310103331:ff

mVENTCvR mad 6.2? W

Patented 26, 1935 f Y UNITE-D STATE This inventionisfor. improvements in or relating to reciprocating pumpsand one of the objects of the invention is to provide-a simplified-reciprocating pump in which no outlet valve is 'required. Another object ,of the invention is to provide improved means for controllingthe rate of discharge of liquid from a reciprocating pump without materially affecting the pressure in the outlet conduit.

Another object of the invention is the provision of dental-operating or massaging appliance whereby a pulsating jet of liquid, such as'denti frice or mouthwash. may be directed'into'the mouth of a patient or on to; other parts of the 7 body. Another objectof this invention is to provide a construction of apparatus for producing such a pulsating jetwhich shallibe efficient and" "simple to operate.

, According to one feature of the invention -,a pump comprises a cylinder, means for recipro eating a'piston at high frequency therein and an munication. with the cylinder. The purpose of constructing the outlet conduit of narrowbore is toproducea high velocity and therefore a high kinetic energy in the liq uid as it iis discharged from the pump cylinder. The kinetic energy of the liquid and, toga-certain extent, the friction between the liquid and the conduit prevent-the liquidfrom returning to the cylinder durin g; the return stroke of thepiston; .A-pump constructed in' way gives a; pulsating jet of liquid which is found to be more efficient than an; even jet for -many purposes such-as, for example; car wash- -35 ing A pulsating jet is also advantageous'forcleaning the teeth, also massaging and othe surgical or hygienic operations.

Another object of the inventionis t aneimproved construction of regulating valve;

,-;other objectsof the'invention will appearhereinit -i i a B articular foirms of construction of reciprocating pump according to the present invention will now be described by way of examplewith-refer- 45 V ence tothe accompanying drawings, of which:

, Figure 1 is aside sectional elevation'of a'complete dental-operating apparatus incorporating a pump according to theinventionr; I r 5 Figure? is a sectional planfon line 2 -2 of 'Figure'h'j Figure 3 is a side sectional elevation of the reg-.- 'fulating valve on the 1ine,3--3 of Figure 1; while Figure 4' is an enlarged sectional plan View on the line of Figure3', of the regulating valve.

materiaLand afiixed'to the block 15.

'end'of the hole 30 is a compression spring=37 which keeps the head in engagementz with the ring} In es Shaw 1 a e 1 3 1 5 applame S v-" 'AT-E- NT; A 1,995,424; t r l 7; it a .7 V RECTPBOCATING PUMP v H .Kenel dward LeeGuinne Q' a d It ApplicationDecemher' 7,1931, Serial No. 579,388 In Great Britain December23,-1930 a Z 2 claims. (c1. lzs j-jzsvif "shaped blockv 1110f the samematerial ibyj m ans of bolts or screws 12. The blockll supports' fanelectric motor 13, o'nly thecasingand terminals ,5

'14 of which are shown. 'The casing 113' of the motor is surmounted by'anoth'er insulating block 'also'of synthetic resin'on other ulating m s'witch of any kno'wnconstructioncomprisingl0 1 a casing 16 and a push button 17;" The pushswitch and electric motor are enclosed by a metal casing comprising a crown portion 18 and acylin-V drical portion- 19; Thecylindrical portion 13. is slidable through a short distance 'onjthe' cries/of the insulating ibloclgs 11' and 15a d isconstrained by pins 2o fscrewed in the bloclg 11 and engaging slots 21in the casi'n g,1 9. The casting 18, 19 is normally held in, its'upperniostpojsition'; as shown, by thespringfor'thefequivalent normally comprised in the push 'switch 16: j outlet conduit of narrow bore in permanent com- The base 10 is cut. with a cylindrical recess 73 which receives'a correspondingly-shapedportion of the block 11 and witha cylindricalhole 122 which. accommodates the n'i'echanism'now to be described." I

QThe shaft 23 or the lec r cmatt rs-"i emnates. in a boss 24; carrying an eccentric pin 2 5 TffThel pin 25 I has mounted. on it two bushes 25 of insulating material which engage a metairing 27 30 The baseflflf-isbored with amoral hole .3 0 to accommodate a'piston 3lfwhich.is"guided ina'" p tube 32, the tube 32 being held in position' by I 0 provide a metalnose 33 secured to; the baseloby studs 34. The piston 3l1is' a tubeclosed'at both ends Y and having narrow circumferential" grooves 3 5 on. 4

its outer surface which prevent leakage of "fluid in known manner; Atfits end the piston 31 is furnished with a head 36 which-abuts the metal ring I 27. Between .the "head 3 6-" andthe kout'er the outer endof the nose-33 is fitted a-tube 38;

leavinga gap between it 'and1thetube' 32'. The inner end 39 of the tube 38 receivestheouterend of. the piston 31 and is' hereinafter referredito as 9 the cylinder; Ina, preferred construction -the piston,'when atgthe endbf its return strokeiis 0.02 of an-inch outside the cylinder 39.1 The-tube 38 containsa bush 40 held in by amilled nut41'.

5 9 bu h 4- me s n aj n th Q fl -t 1 verse axis of the nose 33, a vertical tube Hen- Li ers upperhdf Onthe left hand side,'in Figure l, of v the hole 22 in the base 10, there is anotherra dial'hole 49 which receives a tightly fitting plii'g A ;t u rn strolgeof the piston and the speed of the of ielt by which the ring 27' is; lubricated; An oil hole 51 which is closed by a'cap 52 is pro-j vided in the base 10 'for *adh1'ittih di1 were plug 50.

The flexible metal or ari noured is about 4 feet long and is covered throughoutby rubber sheath being as non-resilient a's"is practi there is fixe I v is'att eh guni iie' of aishort length or rubber- 56 the ur-er endpr whichngages and 1 round the endijof theiflexibl'e tubing 1453". n neteen 5t also'ree ves, a tapering metal t1ib57-ivhibh-iifotatahlewithinflitand is sepfirearm-mm. the 'jc'bnhectihg tube, b'y flexible hung va veeompr steeped tube 0;

/ i c s; mien-inure; The narrates-ewe eircumrerenuar greeves 64Iand 65 jwh eii register with lthe lhol'e ihftlifebody So' that the groove varies th ej ppp-e site side.

depth all round; e jt erconneeteu byja short longitudinal groove 66.

e regthelwelghtfid-end the/rubber tubing 45 -mf "adjacent tothe"inletpbrt tflf is,v gradually d'imin'ishedYin whichever direction the barrel is V rotated) and thusfthe quantity and pr s ure of lig'uid discharged'froni t e nozzle '72 aregrad any di iiii'r'iis'hed. Fm'any; h n, the barrel has lpwered intoa-receptacleyfor example a-jug, of'

"theiiet 'oi liquid-into themouth. The. other j harm is resteu o'ri the crew;

18 of the motor ca'sing. rne weig t ofth': hand depressesthe the shaft and eccentric pin I antljol respectively. "The. groove 64'" I' is of var ing'nepth an'd'asca'n beseenliriorecleariy'rrohimgure 4*, the cross-"section offlthe barrel i at that pointis an eccentricicircle 'tang'ehtial'to tube 71' is sweate t e pusmbuttenitawhereupen the- Meta?- starts up,

25 rotate and the piston 31 is reciprocated. The forward motion of the piston 31 is provided by the ring 27 while the return motion is effected by the spring 37. At each forward stroke of the pistonthe' liquid in the cylinder, 39 is forced through the tube 42 along the tube 43, through the tube 53 and, by way of regulating valve 59, qut of the nozzle 72. 'lfhe bore oi the tube, 42, thes'trolie of thepiston 31; and the speed of the motor 13 are so correlated-that tli'erefis 'substantially no return of liquid to the cylinder 39 duririg thereturn stroke of the piston 31. The reoutgoing liquid produces a vacuum in the cylinder 39 -until the-piston'l'aves the cylinder, whereaupenffreshliquid is sucked in through the annuIaiE S'pace-ItO b discharged through; the tube 42 The length and bore of the tube 42 are of considerable importance because, it is tlie arrownessiofthisjtube cempered withthe swept volume V "of the pump which give's' the desired" vacuum: in

e 1:; en he whee-1V2 h a D me p t b eiewb r ,1 Length oi- Vtube-4 3 4 -feet est e e' i teatfee n Distance from cylinder 39 of With diameter running; th il'i'q idiswere"'ee r-iemwe=' nezz e v2 high-speed pulse w iie it is dsirable that the jet should a t -is"fouhd'advantageous to damp-but the peaks or ressure certain-extent and that awe rea'sonforiiroviding" the eenve eub er eutees by its resilient 'exp'ans'ibility par- "cempletely aestreying- 'them;

in register with -tl ie iril et" port 6Q so' that'lic1uid passes relatively-freely rrom 'the inlet' port into=the groove and. out through the outlet port 61 to thetube '71. However, asthefa'rm 63' is rotated the width bfthe grOove FA' lypiet-eiy blocked and the discharge or" liqui'dcompletely cut oif. In these conditions, thereisnof euuetrerfthe:1iq id pumped into the tubjiri iis but he; tube ,soirconstructed thati'it *isjsuffi- 'ci tlyeiitens'ible 'to ac'com'modate the pulsations infsome case tne extensibility of the armoured during the nextforwarol stroke of the piston.

quid paesesthrougliithejtubelfl and i p'ih' 25 and the ring-2'7 rotate; the-ring ting valve 59 works esfi reuews wheh 'th'e-ba-rfel i'si'ri the angular position shown iii-Figure 4 "thewidest part Of theFgro'oV 64 is thus-prevent the. apparatus from bursting. n

piston at the-end pendently of the handle 53.

pipe 43 is sufficient, alone, to damp out the high peaks of pressure satisfactorily, in which case the canvas rubber tubing 56 may be dispensed with. r 7

It will be seen that the apparatus described above .provides an efiective means forapplying a pulsating jet of liquid to the teeth or gums of a patient or for any other massaging purposes and is simple to manipulate. .The tapering tube 57 is rotatable in thebush 54 so that the regulating valve 59, tube 71 andrnozzle 72 may be rotated to any desiredposition inde- The use of the insulating blocks 11 and 15, the insulating base '10 and the insulating bushes 26 makes for safety and prevents any electric current from finding its way from the motor windingsor connections to the handle or nozzle 72. 7

It will also be seen that a regulating valve according to the invention has thegreat advan-v tage over known constructions that there is a than the electric motor maybe" used, for example, a Water turbine. r

In a modification of the present invention the apparatus may be'so connected up to a source of electric currentthat 'a current flows along 1 thejet of discharged liquid and gives an additional-stimulating efiect tothe partsto be treated. For example, when the apparatus is used as a dental-operating apparatus, the circuit 1 may be through the liquid, from the jetto the mouth or gums of the patient and through the body of the patient to earth.

, e Although it is preferred to use a flexible metal tube for connecting the pump to the jet. itwill be appreciated that a reinforced rubber or other tube could beusedj The flexible metal tube is f liquid which it conducts-to the jet andhence increases the pulsating efiect. at the jet. It willbe seen that the pump produces a jet -of.medi-- cated liquid which man be projected against the teeth or gums ordental interspaces with a high frequency impulse action. The effect of the action on the teeth is to dislodge particles of food or organisms and the effect on the gums is to massage them beneficially.

It will also be 'seen that the invention makes possible a far simpler construction of reciproeating pump than hitherto. V V suitably'chosen, the pump can be used for almost any purpose to which reciprocating pumps are ordinarily put.

It will be understood'that the details of construction in the specific examples herein 7 de-'- scribed may be varied within wide limits and I still lie within the scope of the invention.

I claim;- y r i u 1."A massaging device comprisingwa nozzle liquid supply pump,'and means for actuating the pump at a sufficiently high speed and short stroke to substantially preventback flow' of the'liqui d on the back stroke of the pump.

2. A massaging device eomprising a high speed reciprocating short stroke liquid supply pump,

a nozzle adapted to effect a jet discharge, and a conduit connecting said pump and saidnozzle, said conduit having means therein for damping,

without destroying the pulsations of the discharge liquid. V V

' KENELM EDWARD LEE GUINNESS.

If the sizes are 5 7 adaptedto' 'efiecta jet discharge, a reciprocating 

